Клинико-психопатологические особенности психических нарушений у медицинских работников «красных зон» в период пандемии COVID-19

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Мосолова Е.С., Шпорт С.В. Клинико-психопатологические особенности психических нарушений у медицинских работников «красных зон» в период пандемии COVID-19 // Российский психиатрический журнал. 2024. №6. С. 11-23.

Аннотация

В оригинальном клиническом исследовании с целью оценки клинико-психопатологических особенностей психических расстройств и их динамики у медицинских работников, контактирующих с заболевшими СOVID-19, было проведено интервью с 72 медицинскими работниками. Из них 51 человек были включены в исследование. Среди участников отмечались (по МКБ-10) следующие психические расстройства: депрессивный эпизод (43,1%), расстройство адаптации (25,5%), неврастения (19,6%), паническое расстройство (11,8%). У 72,5% работников также наблюдались (по МКБ-11) симптомы эмоционального выгорания. Тенденция к улучшению состояния медицинских работников прослеживалась как среди получавших психолого-психиатрическую помощь, так и среди не получавших. Наиболее значимой была положительная динамика показателей тревоги среди медицинских работников, получавших лечение. На основе структурно-динамического психопатологического анализа психических нарушений были выделены три основных клинических варианта: астено-депрессивный, с преобладанием симптомов эмоционального выгорания, с преобладанием стрессовых и адаптационных нарушений. Полученные результаты подчеркивают важность организации психолого-психиатрической помощи медицинским работникам при увеличении профессиональных нагрузок (на примере пандемии COVID-19) с целью сохранения их психического здоровья и профессионального долголетия.

Ключевые слова клинико-психопатологические особенности; психическое здоровье; медицинские работники; «красная зона»; коронавирус; СOVID-19

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