Динамика впервые возникающих шизофреноподобных психотических расстройств с учетом влияния острой респираторной инфекции
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Бравве Л.В., Кайдан М.А. Динамика впервые возникающих шизофреноподобных психотических расстройств с учетом влияния острой респираторной инфекции // Российский психиатрический журнал. 2025. №2. С. 55-63.
В оригинальном исследовании с целью проследить изменчивость диагноза «острое шизофреноподобное психотическое расстройство» с учетом влияния острой респираторной инфекции и выявить особенности терапии на протяжении 36 месяцев был обследован 251 пациент (111 мужчин, 140 женщин; средний возраст – 28,2±6,3 года) из числа госпитализированных в специализированные отделения для больных с психической патологией и сопутствующей коронавирусной инфекцией. Участники исследования были обследованы в 2 этапа: на момент госпитализации и спустя 36 месяцев после выписки из стационара (n=169). Настоящее исследование показало, что диагноз шизофреноподобного расстройства нестабилен и изменчив. Так, у пациентов с дебютом острого шизофреноподобного расстройства на фоне COVID-19 через 36 месяцев в 43% (n=40) случаев был установлен диагноз «шизофрения», в 24% (n=22) – «шизоаффективное расстройство», в 2% (n=2) случаев – «биполярное аффективное расстройство». В группе пациентов без COVID-19 в 46% (n=35) случаев была диагностирована шизофрения, в 28% (n=21) – шизоаффективное расстройство. Пациенты c COVID-19 нуждались в использовании более высоких среднетерапевтических дозировок антипсихотиков по сравнению с пациентами без COVID-19 в анамнезе (средний хлорпромазиновый эквивалент 342±188 vs 259±153 мг/сут).
Ключевые слова шизофреноподобные психозы; шизофреноформные расстройства; лечение шизофрении
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