Smoking and alcohol use among pregnant women and women of childbearing age: results of screening and motivational counseling

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Fadeeva EV. [Smoking and alcohol use among pregnant women and women of childbearing age: results of screening and motivational counseling]. Rossiiskii psikhiatricheskii zhurnal [Russian Journal of Psychiatry]. 2024;(1):67-77. Russian

Abstract

In the prospective cohort study in order to study the prevalence of smoking and alcohol consumption among pregnant women and women of childbearing age, as well as the possibilities of introducing effective preventive measures in the work of organizations providing medical care in the field of obstetrics and gynecology in the Nizhny Novgorod region, a method of screening and motivational counseling was implemented. 172 women (60.1%) of the 286 who took part in the study, including 90 pregnant women, were screened using the Fagerström test. The obtained extremely high prevalence of smoking both among non-pregnant (52.9%) and pregnant women (72.7%) may indicate not so much the real scale of the phenomenon, but rather the conditions for recruiting the sample, based on the presence of signs of obstetric pathology or pathology of pregnancy. 50 women (17.5%), including 18 pregnant women, were screened using the RUS-AUDIT test, while exactly the opposite results were obtained in all examined groups. Non-pregnant and pregnant women had extremely low prevalence of alcohol consumption both in their lifetime (26.8% and 27.1%, respectively) and in the past 12 months. (21.7% and 17.1%, respectively), as well as during the current pregnancy in 3.9% of women. This result speaks more about hiding the real extent of alcohol consumption than about the low prevalence of alcohol consumption, which requires both the implementation of additional research and strengthening preventive work, including through motivational counseling.

Keywords women of childbearing age; pregnant women; tobacco; alcohol; screening; motivational counseling

References

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