The mental health consequences of prenatal stress: current understanding of mechanisms
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Abramova OV, Zorkina YaA, Ushakova VM, et al. [The mental health consequences of prenatal stress: current understanding of mechanisms]. Rossiiskii psikhiatricheskii zhurnal [Russian Journal of Psychiatry]. 2024;(6):92-106. Russian
In this scientific review, modern concepts of the pathophysiological mechanisms of the impact of prenatal stress on human mental health are examined in order to summarize the data. A total of 125 articles were selected that described the consequences of prenatal stress on the development of the nervous system and the main physiological and molecular mechanisms by which its effects are realized. The results indicate that the fetal brain is very vulnerable to stressful experiences of the expectant mother during pregnancy. Prenatal stress leads to impaired development of the nervous system and an increased risk of neuropsychiatric disorders, which is a serious burden on society. These effects are mediated by several mechanisms that function simultaneously in concert with each other to form a psychopathologic phenotype. Understanding these mechanisms may contribute to preventing the long-term negative effects of prenatal stress.
Keywords prenatal stress; psychiatric disorders; neurodevelopment; environmental factors; pathophysiological mechanisms
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