Верификация факторной структуры симптомов аутизма у детей 3–4 лет
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Наследов А.Д., Ткачева Л.О., Защиринская О.В., Мирошников С.А. Верификация факторной структуры симптомов аутизма у детей 3–4 лет // Российский психиатрический журнал. 2023. №4. С. 72-83.
В одномоментном ретроспективном исследовании с целью проверки диагностической ценности и верификация факторной структуры 7-шкальной методики диагностики аутизма у детей 3–4 лет приняло участие 926 детей (383 – с аутизмом, 200 – с задержкой психического развития, 343 – типично развивающихся). Была подтверждена конфигурационная, метрическая и строгая инвариантность 7-факторной шкалы для детей 3–4 лет с аутизмом. Выявлено, что каждая из 7 шкал обладает достаточно высокой ценностью для различения детей с аутизмом от детей типично развивающихся и с задержкой психического развития. Подтверждена высокая прогностическая ценность 7-факторной шкалы с помощью логистической регрессии. Общая точность предсказания составила 88,7% (чувствительность 84,9%, специфичность 91,5%). С применением моделирования структурными уравнениями были выделены 3 группы симптомов: коммуникативные нарушения, сенсорная дезинтеграция и расторможенность/гиперактивность. Показано, что сенсорные нарушения усиливают коммуникативные нарушения, влияя также на усиление расторможенности/гиперактивности. В то время как коммуникативные нарушения определяются нарушениями понимания речи, отстраненностью и эмоциональными нарушениями.
Ключевые слова аутизм; факторная модель аутизма; диагностика аутизма; 3–4-летние дети
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.34757/1560-957X.2023.27.4.008
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