Современные психотерапевтические подходы к лечению посттравматического стрессового расстройства
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Карауш И.С., Абрамов С.В. Современные психотерапевтические подходы к лечению посттравматического стрессового расстройства // Российский психиатрический журнал. 2024. №4. С. 55-66.
В научном обзоре с целью изучения современных психотерапевтических подходов к лечению посттравматического стрессового расстройства (ПТСР) и выявления тенденций для оптимизации существующих методов проведен анализ научных медицинских публикаций российских и зарубежных авторов в библиографических базах PubMed, Google Академия, Science Direct, РИНЦ. В обзоре обсуждаются многообразие и особенности психопатологических проявлений ПТСР, методы психотерапии с доказанной эффективностью их биологической основы и перспективы их оптимизации в контексте имеющихся ограничений и/или современных технологий, возможности комбинированных подходов и аспекты терапии боевого ПТСР, что актуально в условиях действующих военных конфликтов. Для оптимизации существующих методов выявлены несколько тенденций: изучение биологической основы воздействия применяемых методов; исследование особенностей психопатологической симптоматики при различных вариантах ПТСР как мишеней психотерапии и интеграция различных подходов, методов и технологий. Ключевая роль принадлежит парадигме восстановления автобиографической памяти, нарушения которой играют важную роль в развитии и/или поддержании симптомов ПТСР.
Ключевые слова посттравматическое стрессовое расстройство; психотерапия; когнитивно-поведенческая психотерапия; экспозиция; десенсибилизация и переработка движениями глаз; контекстуализация; реконсолидация памяти
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